Pdf quantum logic gates in optical lattices carlton. Deutschs threequbit generalization of the toffoli gate. Pdf methodology for quantum logic gate construction. Cyclic groups and quantum logic gates pdf free download. In quantum computing and specifically the quantum circuit model of computation, a quantum logic gate or simply quantum gate is a basic quantum circuit. The physical interpretation of 0 and 1 is the voltage onoff. In their quantum logic gate, monroe, wineland and colleagues controlled the energy levels in an individual ion so that a lowerenergy state represented a 0 and a higherenergy state represented a 1.
The classical computation is being performed using boolean logic which uses variables 0 and 11. We demonstrate laserdriven twoqubit and singlequbit logic gates with fidelities 99. The quantum gate array is the natural quantum generalization of acyclic combinational logic circuits studied in conventional computational complexity theory. Therefore, the cost of a quantum circuit can be realistically calculated by counting cnot gates. I quantum logic has to deal with weirdness takehome message. In classical computation, the bit a can have the values. I introduce the concept of quantum gates and show how we can perform calculations on qubits by passing them through these gates. Confusion has persisted as to just what quantum logic is and how it should be construed as a veritable logic. Physicists use code to reduce quantum error in logic gates.
But our quantum logic gates will be unitary transformations, and hence will be invertible, while classical logic gates like the nand gate are not invertible. Synthesis of quantum logic circuits 1 introduction university of. As a consequence of the greater power of quantum computing. Classical quantum gates quantum circuits the future classical logic circuits behavior is governed implicitly by classical physics. Chapter 6 quantum computation caltech particle theory. A proposal of quantum logic gates using cold trapped ions in a cavity. Whereas the classical switches in your laptop or mobile phone can run for many years without error, at this stage quantum switches begin to fail after. An introduction to basic logic gates for quantum computer. X 01010111 signal operations are defined by boolean algebra small welldefined sets of universal gate. Pdf a proposal of quantum logic gates using cold trapped. Reminiscent of the classical exclusiveor xor gate, the cn gate represents a computation at the.
Quantum logic gates and nuclear magnetic resonance pulse sequences nmr quantum logic gates for homonuclear spin systems singlefluxquantum logic circuits exploiting collisionbased fusion gates. As such, we explore some of the fundamentals of hilbert space theory from the perspective of a mathematician and use. Quantum computation requires qubits that can be coupled in a scalable manner, together with universal and highfidelity one and twoqubit logic gates 1,2. Introduction there exists some kind of well defined logic for every computation. The most common quantum gate is the hadamard gate, a single qubit gate. They created a second quantum bit with the atoms external motion.
Pdf we present a general method to construct faulttolerant quantum logic gates with a simple primitive, which is an analog of quantum. Realizable universal quantum logic gates portland state university. Classical and quantum logic gates university of rochester. It consists of quantum gates, interconnected without fanout or feedback by quantum wires. Gate functions in classical logic are often represented using truth tables. The diagram above is a singlebit adder on a classical computer. The cn gate transforms the state of two qubits e 1 and e 2 from je 1lje 2l to je 1lje 1 e 2l, where the operation is addition modulo 2. I information is physical i logic is physical 2828. Classical reversible logic contained in quantum logic b. Keywords quantum logic gates, quantum computing, logic gate, quantum computer i. The and and or gates have two inputs and one output, while the.